Simpson's Paradox Solution

It is possible. A real-life example is provided by Ken Ross. It involves the batting average of the baseball players Derek Jeter and David Justice during the years 1995 and 1996:

Player

1995

1996

Combined

Derek Jeter

12/48 = 0.250

183/582 = 0.314

195/630 = 0.310

David Justice

104/411 = 0.253

45/140 = 0.321

149/551 = 0.270

Strange but true. To see what is going on, have a look at this made-up example that makes things clear.

Player

1995

1996

Combined

Player A

0/1

98/99

98/100 = 98%

Player B

1/99

1/1

2/100 = 2%

What is happening here is that player A is scoring well in a large number of cases, whereas player B's averages are high when he plays little and low when he plays a lot.



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